• managerial environment
    • general enviorment  
      • social component 
      • political 
      • legal component 
      • technology component 
      • economic component 
        • porters five forces model 
          • new entrants  
        • buyers
          • bargaining power of buyers  
        • suppliers 
          • bargaining power of suppliers
        • substitutes 
          • threat of substitutes
    • operating environment 
      • international component 
  • strategy formulation: tools 
    • strategy formulation 
      • determining appropriate courses of action for achieving objectives 
    • strategic tools 
      • critical question analysis 
      • SWOT analysis 
      • business portfolio analysis 
  • strategy formulation types 
    • differentiation 
      • making organization more competitive by developing products different from competitors 
    • cost leadership 
      • making organization more competitive by producing products more cheaply than competitors 
    • focus 
      • making organization more competitive by targeting a particular customer 
    •  

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